Preparing the Passover

Luke 22:1-13

Key verse 8

“Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.””

1. Read verses 1-2. How was this Passover related with Jesus’ suffering? (Ex 12:17, 26-27; Dt 16:5-6) Why were the religious leaders looking for Jesus in the festival of the Passover? (1-2)

2. Read verses 3-6. What happened to Judas Iscariot? (3) What did he do? (4-6) What might have prompted his actions? (Jn 12:4-6)

3. Read verses 7-13. What did Jesus ask Peter and John to do? (7-8) How did they find the place where Jesus would eat the Passover? (9-12) Why was the place they met kept secret? How did they show faith and obedience? (13)

Preparing the Passover

Luke 22:1-13

Key verse 8

“Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.””

Introduction

Before His crucifixion, Jesus ate the Passover in an upper room. We call this event, “ The Last Supper,” in which Jesus taught the meaning of His death. Today’s passage shows Jesus’ preparing for the Passover. His disciples were encouraged to participate in His Last Supper. There are two responses among His disciples; accepting or betraying him. May the Lord help us to prepare our hearts to participate in His Supper.

1. Read verses 1-2. How was this Passover related with Jesus’ suffering? (Ex 12:17, 26-27; Dt 16:5-6) Why were the religious leaders looking for Jesus in the festival of the Passover? (1-2)

1-1, Read verses 1-2.

Now the Festival of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching, 2 and the chief priests and the teachers of the law were looking for some way to get rid of Jesus, for they were afraid of the people.

1-2, How was this Passover related with Jesus’ suffering? (Ex 12:17, 26-27; Dt 16:5-6)

• This Passover had special meaning to Jesus in that He had to be the designated Passover lamb by God to fulfill His redemptive purpose.

• As we observe Jesus at the Last Supper, he is remarkably in control of himself and of the situation around him. There is no hint of stress.

• Rather Jesus is the picture of grace under pressure, of peace in the midst of a storm. It was because Jesus knew that God was in control of all things.

• Through Jesus’ life God was fulfilling the events which the Passover symbolized. God was doing so at precisely the time of the Passover.

• Jesus had faith in God’s sovereign rule. So Jesus prepared and carried out the Passover celebration with great peace and assurance.

• Let us tap into the meaning of the Passover and the Feast of the Unleavened bread.

Exodus 12:17-20 and 26-27 reads,

“Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread, because it was on this very day that I brought your divisions out of Egypt. Celebrate this day as a lasting ordinance for the generations to come. 18 In the first month you are to eat bread made without yeast, from the evening of the fourteenth day until the evening of the twenty-first day. 19 For seven days no yeast is to be found in your houses. And anyone, whether foreigner or native-born, who eats anything with yeast in it must be cut off from the community of Israel. 20 Eat nothing made with yeast. Wherever you live, you must eat unleavened bread.”

And when your children ask you, ‘What does this ceremony mean to you?’ 27 then tell them, ‘It is the Passover sacrifice to the Lord, who passed over the houses of the Israelites in Egypt and spared our homes when he struck down the Egyptians.’” Then the people bowed down and worshiped

Deuteronomy 16:5-6 reads,

You must not sacrifice the Passover in any town the Lord your God gives you 6 except in the place he will choose as a dwelling for his Name. There you must sacrifice the Passover in the evening, when the sun goes down, on the anniversary of your departure from Egypt. 7 Roast it and eat it at the place the Lord your God will choose. Then in the morning return to your tents. 8 For six days eat unleavened bread and on the seventh day hold an assembly to the Lord your God and do no work.

• The Passover was the most important date on the Jewish calendar. In fact, their calendar was formed around the date of the Passover.

• It was an annual commemoration of God’s deliverance of their nation from bondage in Egypt.

• The Israelites had served as slaves for 430 long years. Their lives were miserable. They had to work hard day and night. They were helpless, hopeless, and powerless.

• All they could do was groan and cry out. But God heard their cry and remembered his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

• God raised Moses as their deliverer and worked mighty acts of judgment against the Egyptians.

• By God’s almighty power, the Israelites were delivered from bondage.

• Upon the basis of this mercy, God wanted the Israelites to form a holy nation and to serve him as a kingdom of priests.

• God commanded them to commemorate the Passover so that they would remember his grace.

• They observed the Passover faithfully. Up until the times of Jesus, they had been doing so for some 1,400 years.

1-3, Why were the religious leaders looking for Jesus in the festival of the Passover? (1-2)

Now the Festival of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching, 2 and the chief priests and the teachers of the law were looking for some way to get rid of Jesus, for they were afraid of the people.

• Because it was a major festival, many of the people who had heard and seen Jesus in the region of Galilee were in Jerusalem.

• They generally had respect and great expectation for Jesus and His ministry.

• The chief priests and the scribes did not fear God, but they did fear the people.

• They were not afraid to kill the Son of God; they just had to find a politically smart way to do it.

2. Read verses 3-6. What happened to Judas Iscariot? (3) What did he do? (4-6) What might have prompted his actions? (Jn 12:4-6)

2-1, Read verses 3-6.

Then Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve. 4 And Judas went to the chief priests and the officers of the temple guard and discussed with them how he might betray Jesus. 5 They were delighted and agreed to give him money. 6 He consented, and watched for an opportunity to hand Jesus over to them when no crowd was present.

2-2, What happened to Judas Iscariot? (3)

Then Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve.

2-3, What did he do? (4-6)

And Judas went to the chief priests and the officers of the temple guard and discussed with them how he might betray Jesus. 5 They were delighted and agreed to give him money. 6 He consented, and watched for an opportunity to hand Jesus over to them when no crowd was present.

• Judas became an instrument of Satan. He went to the Jewish leaders and plotted with them how he might betray Jesus.

• They gladly agreed to give Judas money in exchange for information that would lead to Jesus’ secret arrest.

2-4, What might have prompted his actions? (Jn 12:4-6)

“But one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, who was later to betray him, objected, 5 “Why wasn’t this perfume sold and the money given to the poor? It was worth a year’s wages.” 6 He did not say this because he cared about the poor but because he was a thief; as keeper of the money bag, he used to help himself to what was put into it.”

• John calls him a “thief” for embezzling from the offering. Judas’ love of money was exposed when he criticized a woman who poured out oil for Jesus.

• Though Jesus rebuked him indirectly, Judas did not repent. He did not honor Jesus’ words. Judas did not commit to Jesus. This made him vulnerable to Satan.

• After betraying Jesus, Judas hanged himself.

• This shows us that a person can be around Jesus and His ministry for a while, even having privilege as the treasurer, but still fall into Satan’s trap.

• We must not be complacent in regard to a dangerous enemy as Satan. We must pray.

• Also his surname Iscariot may mean that he was from Kerioth, a city in southern Judea.

• This would make Judas the only Judean among the other disciples, who were all Galileans.

• Some wonder if Judas resented the leadership of the Galilean fishermen among the disciples, and finally had had enough.

• Others think the name Iscariot is linked to the word sicarius, meaning "assassin" - a connection to the Jewish zealots who carried out underground warfare against the Roman occupiers.

• It may well be that Judas followed Jesus from his selfish motives, expecting to receive a position of great status when Jesus came to Jerusalem as Messiah.

• When Jesus came and it was evident that He was not going to be the kind of Messiah Judas had hoped for, he may have lashed out against Jesus.

• Then he might have opened this door in his heart widely to Satan. Jesus didn’t give Judas what his selfish heart wanted, much less compromise with him.

• Rather Jesus helped him to repent of his sin to the end out of His compassion.

3. Read verses 7-13. What did Jesus ask Peter and John to do? (7-8) How did they find the place where Jesus would eat the Passover? (9-12) Why was the place they met kept secret? How did they show faith and obedience? (13)

3-1, Read verses 7-13.

Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed. 8 Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.”

9 “Where do you want us to prepare for it?” they asked.

10 He replied, “As you enter the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him to the house that he enters, 11 and say to the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’ 12 He will show you a large room upstairs, all furnished. Make preparations there.”

13 They left and found things just as Jesus had told them. So they prepared the Passover.

3-2, What did Jesus ask Peter and John to do? (7-8)

Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed. 8 Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.

3-3, How did they find the place where Jesus would eat the Passover? (9-12)

“Where do you want us to prepare for it?” they asked.

10 He replied, “As you enter the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him to the house that he enters, 11 and say to the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’ 12 He will show you a large room upstairs, all furnished. Make preparations there.”

• Carrying a jar of water was usually woman’s job. So it was an unusual thing for Jesus’ disciple to find a man carrying a jar of water. But it was a specific event that happened according to Jesus’ words.

• They were also asked to follow him to the house that he enters, and instructed on what to say to the owner of the house.

• We may wonder who the owner of the house was.

• Some have suggested It could have been the house of John Mark (the author of the book of Mark).

Mark 14:44-52 reads,

Now the betrayer had arranged a signal with them: “The one I kiss is the man; arrest him and lead him away under guard.” 45 Going at once to Jesus, Judas said, “Rabbi!” and kissed him. 46 The men seized Jesus and arrested him. 47 Then one of those standing near drew his sword and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his ear.

48 “Am I leading a rebellion,” said Jesus, “that you have come out with swords and clubs to capture me? 49 Every day I was with you, teaching in the temple courts, and you did not arrest me. But the Scriptures must be fulfilled.” 50 Then everyone deserted him and fled.

51 A young man, wearing nothing but a linen garment, was following Jesus. When they seized him, 52 he fled naked, leaving his garment behind.

Acts 12:12-14 reads,

When this had dawned on him, he went to the house of Mary the mother of John, also called Mark, where many people had gathered and were praying. 13 Peter knocked at the outer entrance, and a servant named Rhoda came to answer the door. 14 When she recognized Peter’s voice, she was so overjoyed she ran back without opening it and exclaimed, “Peter is at the door!”

• Most Jewish houses during the time of Jesus were smaller houses without a 2nd floor.

• But Mary was wealthy and had a large house which probably meant that she had a second floor.

• Jesus ate the Last Supper in an upper room, meaning on the second floor.

• So Jesus could have eaten his last meal in Mark’s house, since it was large and had a spacious upper room.

• Mark might have stayed downstairs, perhaps asleep, or eavesdropped at the stairway to hear what Jesus was saying that night,

• Jesus and the Apostles ate and then left. Mark hears them leave and runs out with only his blanket.

• He follows them to the Garden and is in the group when Jesus is arrested. A guard reaches out to grab Mark, grabs the blanket instead, and Mark takes off running.

• Although it was based on theory, John Mark can be compared to one of our second gens or young disciples.

• Thanks to God’s sovereign rule and control, he was sanctified and became a great servant who emphasized Jesus’ servantship as the Son of Man.

• In this way Jesus might have prepared a growing teenager to be a man of God. Nothing wasted! In turn this powerful regeneration of Jesus’ disciples goes on!

Mark 10:45 reads,

“For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”

• May the Lord raise up many young disciples among us like him.

3-4, Why was the place they met kept secret?

• Jesus worked with Peter and John to keep the meeting place secret.

• Jesus would not allow Satan to hinder his teaching at this time. The spiritual lessons Jesus was about to impart were vital.

3-5, How did they show faith and obedience? (13)

They left and found things just as Jesus had told them. So they prepared the Passover.

• Peter and John were rivals. But they went together and obeyed Jesus’ command.

• They must have experienced Jesus’ words firsthand.

• They were used to preparing a room for the Last Supper.

Conclusion

Despite great stress, Jesus was in peace and in full confidence while preparing God’s last Passover, becoming a once-for-all Passover lamb. Praise Jesus Christ who prepared himself with absolute obedience to His Father in Heaven. May the Lord raise up many young people in our generation under His leadership. Lately Great Britain voted to leave the EU (Brexit). We are living in a very unpredictable generation. People are filled with worry and anxiety. But our Lord God is in absolute control and continues to work out His redemptive work. May the Lord help us not to be distracted by all the alarming events of daily life in this world, but focus on obeying Jesus’ world mission command with our growing children and Bible students.

One word: Go and make preparations!

Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover

Luke 22:1-13

Key Verse 22:8

Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.”

Today’s passage is the preparation of the Passover Meal of Jesus with his disciples. In this preparation we see the contrast between what Satan did and what Jesus did. So today we would like to learn what Satan does and what Jesus does and how we should prepare our Passover. My message has two parts. Part I. Satan entered Judas (v.1-6) Part II. Make preparations there (v.7-13)

Part I. Satan entered Judas (v.1-6)

Look at verses 1-6.

Now the Festival of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching, ² and the chief priests and the teachers of the law were looking for some way to get rid of Jesus, for they were afraid of the people. ³ Then Satan entered Judas, called Iscariot, one of the Twelve. ⁴ And Judas went to the chief priests and the officers of the temple guard and discussed with them how he might betray Jesus.⁵ They were delighted and agreed to give him money. ⁶ He consented, and watched for an opportunity to hand Jesus over to them when no crowd was present.

Verse 1 reads, “Now the Festival of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching”. The Festival of Unleavened Bread and the Passover was used interchangeably because the first day of the Festival of Unleavened Bread is the Passover where the Passover lamb would be sacrificed.

The Passover Lamb was sacrificed and its blood was put on door posts of houses of the Israel people, and the angel of death would pass over those houses. The Lord said, “When I see the blood I will Passover.”

Exodus 12:1-15

The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in Egypt, ² “This month is to be for you the first month, the first month of your year. ³ Tell the whole community of Israel that on the tenth day of this month each man is to take a lamb for his family, one for each household. ⁴ If any household is too small for a whole lamb, they must share one with their nearest neighbor, having taken into account the number of people there are. You are to determine the amount of lamb needed in accordance with what each person will eat. ⁵ The animals you choose must be year-old males without defect, and you may take them from the sheep or the goats. ⁶ Take care of them until the fourteenth day of the month, when all the members of the community of Israel must slaughter them at twilight. ⁷ Then they are to take some of the blood and put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs. ⁸ That same night they are to eat the meat roasted over the fire, along with bitter herbs, and bread made without yeast. ⁹ Do not eat the meat raw or boiled in water, but roast it over a fire—with the head, legs and internal organs. ¹⁰ Do not leave any of it till morning; if some is left till morning, you must burn it. ¹¹ This is how you are to eat it: with your cloak tucked into your belt, your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. Eat it in haste; it is the Lord’s Passover. ¹² “On that same night I will pass through Egypt and strike down every firstborn of both people and animals, and I will bring judgment on all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord. ¹³ The blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are, and when I see the blood, I will pass over you. No destructive plague will touch you when I strike Egypt. ¹⁴ “This is a day you are to commemorate; for the generations to come you shall celebrate it as a festival to the Lord—a lasting ordinance. ¹⁵ For seven days you are to eat bread made without yeast. On the first day remove the yeast from your houses, for whoever eats anything with yeast in it from the first day through the seventh must be cut off from Israel. 

So the Israelites were freed from their slavery in Egypt by the power of the blood of Passover Lambs. The Israel people believed the power of the Passover lamb and they were saved from their life of slavery and death. This is the exact picture of what would happen when Jesus came and was crucified because Jesus is our Passover Lamb.

So the Festival of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was celebrated throughout Israel history through God’s command. And finally the time came for the true Passover, Jesus, would be sacrificed. God’s command to keep the Festival of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover was to teach them to recognize Jesus, the true Passover lamb when he came.

Here we also see Satan working in the heart of Judas Iscariot. Since he did not guard his heart Satan entered him. He made a decision to betray Jesus. He discussed about how to hand over Jesus with the chief priests and officers of the temple guard. They gave him money and they planed to arrest Jesus when there was no crowd. The chief priests were afraid of Jesus because they felt that the crowd were under the influence of Jesus.

So what is Satan’s work? It is to plant doubt in Jesus. We speak and do. And there are many things that can happen. But if they plant doubt in Jesus in our hearts we can say that it can the work of Satan and we need to guard our hearts.

It is true that Satan works under God’s sovereign approval. Satan is our enemy and we need to defend ourselves. So the bible says in many places that we should be spiritually alert and make sure that we should not fall into temptation. We should not allow Satan to enter us by any means.

But we also should know that God fulfills his will even through Satan’s work. Probably this is why God allowed Satan to work in his sovereign will. Satan entered Judas and prompted him to betray Jesus. But God won the great victory through Jesus’ resurrection. So Satan broke its own head by crucifying Jesus using Judas. Indeed the bible reveals God fulfills his own will and plan even using the work of Satan.

In the Garden of Eden, Satan tempted Eve and Adam and they betrayed God. But God used the work of Satan to send his son Jesus. In the Garden the Lord God clothed both of them with garments of skin. Later, Jesus came and clothed us with his own righteousness through his blood.

So Satan works and we have our own weaknesses and we may fall into Satan’s temptation. But God fulfills his will and plan even using the work of Satan. In Genesis Joseph’s brothers wanted to kill him and later sold him as slave. Surely they intended to harm him. But God intended to do good by saving many lives by sending Joseph to Egypt in advance.

Even at the time of the first Passover, Pharaoh resisted Moses. So God had to perform 10 miracles. The stubborn refusal of Pharaoh who was the symbol of Satan, only revealed the truth that God is the Lord and Moses’ faith grew and God’s glory was revealed more.

So it is true God allowed Satan to work and evil people work. But God can even use them to fulfill his plan.

Of course we should never take our sin lightly. But at the same time we should never lose our hearts and despair because of Satan’s work and our own weakness. It is because God is the one who allows Satan to work and God fulfills his own plan and will even through the work of Satan. So while we should guard ourselves against the work of Satan, we should trust that ultimate victory has already secured for us in Christ and we should never lose our hearts in doing good.

Part II. Make preparations there (v.7-13)

Look at verses 7-13.

⁷ Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed. ⁸ Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.” ⁹ “Where do you want us to prepare for it?” they asked. ¹⁰ He replied, “As you enter the city, a man carrying a jar of water will meet you. Follow him to the house that he enters, ¹¹ and say to the owner of the house, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?’ ¹² He will show you a large room upstairs, all furnished. Make preparations there.” ¹³ They left and found things just as Jesus had told them. So they prepared the Passover.

Verse 7 says, ‘Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb had to be sacrificed.”

God commanded the Israelites to celebrate Passover with the festival of Unleavened Bread.

Someone asked me a question. Why did Jesus say his two disciples, Peter and John, to meet a man carrying a water jar and follow him and see the house he enters and talk to the owner of the house instead of just directing them to find the house? I did not think about the question. My guess is what Jesus did in today’s passage demonstrates who Jesus is. Jesus’ deity is more clearly demonstrated. It shows that Jesus was not blind to what was happening.

Jesus knew what was happening, but still he prepared to eat the Passover meal with his disciples.

So personally I believe Jesus wanted to plant faith in the heart of Peter and John that Jesus is the Son of God who knew the situation. It is critical for them to keep faith in Jesus in that crucial moments in their lives. And Jesus helped them to keep up their faith in this way. So what is the work of Jesus? It is to plant faith in him.

Now what is preparation for the Passover for the Israel people? It was to remove ‘yeast’ from their entire houses. They also needed to choose a year old lamb without defect and slaughter it. Removing ‘yeast’ can be compared to ‘repenting our sins’, and ‘to prepare the Passover lamb’ without defect may be related to our faith. It means to believe in the power of the blood of the Passover lamb. So ‘repent’ and ‘faith in Jesus’ is probably what is the essential part of our preparation. The fundamental repentance is repentance of our doubt in God.

When we prepare ourselves through repentance and faith in God, we can have peace.

No one is righteous. We are all sinners. In our practical life we sin today tomorrow and until we go to heaven. But no one can live under condemnation. When we are accused by someone we cannot bear it. So we have all kinds of excuses for our mistakes and sins and works and actions.

I told one person, “I can listen to whatever you say. I can be all difficulties. But I cannot bear you when you say I stand on the side of other person rather than you. You should trust my integrity.” What I was saying was “I cannot live under your condemnation even one second.” So here is our troubles. We sin. But we cannot take condemnation that comes from our sins. So we come up with millions of excuses for our sins. How can God help us on this?

So what did God for us who sins continually but who cannot live under condemnation even one second?

Romans 8:1-4

“Therefore, there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus, ² because through Christ Jesus the law of the Spirit who gives life has set you free from the law of sin and death. ³ For what the law was powerless to do because it was weakened by the flesh, God did by sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh to be a sin offering. And so he condemned sin in the flesh, ⁴ in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fully met in us, who do not live according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.”

There is no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus and that is how God opened a door for us to live in God’s grace and mercy. It is because God condemned our sin in Jesus. So if we want to live based on our own righteousness we make excuses toward each other and there is no peace. But if we believe in the power of Jesus’ blood giving up our own righteousness and accepting our sins we can have with God and others.

This condemnation is none other than the essential part of death. The best preparation for Passover feast is to repent our sins and believe in Jesus as our Passover lamb that we may depend on him and we may live a life of faith even if others condemn us. Why do they do? Because they do not know what they are doing. That is why Jesus said on the cross, “Father, forgive them for they do not know what they are doing.” We condemn each other. Why? Because we do not know what we are doing.

However, despite all our condemnation toward each other, God established his justice by fulfilling all the righteous requirements of the law fully in us when we live according to the Holy Spirit rather than flesh.

In conclusion, we learned today, the work of Satan is to plant doubt in God. The work of Jesus is to plant faith in God. The best way to prepare for our spiritual Passover meal is to believe in the power of Jesus’ blood which removes condemnation on us.

One word: Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.