The Lord Gave David Victory
2 Samuel 8:1-18
Key Verse 8:14b
“The LORD gave David victory wherever he went.”
In this chapter, it shows that the Lord gave David victory where he went. The promise God gave Abraham in Genesis 15:18 (18 “On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram and said, “To your descendants I give this land, from the Wadi[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=ge%2015:18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-379a" \o "See footnote a"a] of Egypt to the great river, the Euphrates—“) was fulfilled through David. The Lord is ready to give us victory wherever we go. However, we have to be ready to receive this blessing.
Read v 1-4. What happens between David and the Philistines? (1) Who happens between David and the Moabites? (2) What happens between David and Hadadezer, king of Zobah? (3,4)
Read v 1-4.
In the course of time, David defeated the Philistines and subdued them, and he took Metheg Ammah from the control of the Philistines.2 David also defeated the Moabites. He made them lie down on the ground and measured them off with a length of cord. Every two lengths of them were put to death, and the third length was allowed to live. So the Moabites became subject to David and brought him tribute.3 Moreover, David defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, when he went to restore his monument at[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8213a" \o "See footnote a"a] the Euphrates River. 4 David captured a thousand of his chariots, seven thousand charioteers[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8214b" \o "See footnote b"b] and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He hamstrung all but a hundred of the chariot horses.
1-2) What happens between David and the Philistines? (1)
“In the course of time, David defeated the Philistines and subdued them, and he took Metheg Ammah* from the control of the Philistines” (1).
Philistine is the old enemy of Israel, who often invaded her, but David defeated and subdued them.
Metheg Ammah*: me-theg-am'-a, meth-eg-am'-a (mathegh ha-'ammah, "bridle of the metropolis"): It is probable that the place-name Metheg-Ammah. It means Gath and its vicinity.( HYPERLINK "http://bible.cc/1_chronicles/18-1.htm"1 Chronicles 18:1)
Who happens between David and the Moabites? (2)
2 David also defeated the Moabites. He made them lie down on the ground and measured them off with a length of cord. Every two lengths of them were put to death, and the third length was allowed to live. So the Moabites became subject to David and brought him tribute.
This refers to a well-known practice of Eastern kings, to command their prisoners of war, particularly those who, notorious for the atrocity of their crimes or distinguished by the indomitable spirit of their resistance, had greatly incensed the victors, to lie down on the ground. Then a certain portion of them, which was determined by lot, but most commonly by a measuring-line, were put to death. Our version makes him put two-thirds to death, and spare one-third. The Septuagint and Vulgate make one-half. This war usage was not, perhaps, usually practiced by the people of God; but Jewish writers assert that the cause of this particular severity against this people was their having massacred David's parents and family, whom he had, during his exile, committed to the king of Moab.
1-4) What happens between David and Hadadezer, king of Zobah? (3,4)
“3 Moreover, David defeated Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, when he went to restore his monument at[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8213a" \o "See footnote a"a] the Euphrates River. 4 David captured a thousand of his chariots, seven thousand charioteers[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8214b" \o "See footnote b"b] and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He hamstrung all but a hundred of the chariot horses.”
This kingdom of “king of Zobah: was bounded on the east by the Euphrates, and it extended westward from that river, perhaps as far north as Aleppo. It was long the chief among the petty kingdoms of Syria, and its king bore the hereditary title of "Hadadezer" or "Hadarezer" ("Hadad," that is, "helped").
Read v 5-8. Who came to help Hadadezer and how many of them were struck down? (5) How do the Arameans become David’s subjects? (6a) Why is David victorious wherever he went? (6b) What does David take from Hadadezer (7,8)
2-1) Read v 5-8.
5 When the Arameans of Damascus came to help Hadadezer king of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand of them. 6 He put garrisons in the Aramean kingdom of Damascus, and the Arameans became subject to him and brought tribute. The LORD gave David victory wherever he went.7 David took the gold shields that belonged to the officers of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem. 8 From Tebah[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8218c" \o "See footnote c"c] and Berothai, towns that belonged to Hadadezer, King David took a great quantity of bronze.
2-2) Who came to help Hadadezer and how many of them were struck down? (5)
“5 When the Arameans of Damascus came to help Hadadezer king of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand of them.”
The Arameans of Damascus came to help Hadadezer, king of Zobah, and David struck down twenty two thousand of them.
2-3) How do the Arameans become David’s subjects? (6a)
“ 6 He put garrisons in the Aramean kingdom of Damascus, and the Arameans became subject to him and brought tribute.”
2-4) Why is David victorious wherever he went? (6b)
“The LORD gave David victory wherever he went.” (6b)
The Lord was the source of his victory and the Lord gave it to David wherever he went.
2-5) What does David take from Hadadezer (7,8)
“7 David took the gold shields that belonged to the officers of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem. 8 From Tebah[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8218c" \o "See footnote c"c] and Berothai, towns that belonged to Hadadezer, King David took a great quantity of bronze.” David took many spoils resulting from his victory and brought them to Jerusalem for future need for building Temple of God.
Read v 9-14. Who hears about David’s victory over Hadadezer and what does he do? (9,10) To whom does David dedicate all his spoils of war? (11) Which countries does David subdue? (12) What happens after David strikes down the Edomites?(13, 14a) Who gave him victory wherever he went? (14b)
3-1) Read v 9-14.
9 When Tou[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8219d" \o "See footnote d"d] king of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, 10 he sent his son Joram[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8220e" \o "See footnote e"e] to King David to greet him and congratulate him on his victory in battle over Hadadezer, who had been at war with Tou. Joram brought with him articles of silver, of gold and of bronze.11 King David dedicated these articles to the LORD, as he had done with the silver and gold from all the nations he had subdued: 12 Edom[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8222f" \o "See footnote f"f] and Moab, the Ammonites and the Philistines, and Amalek. He also dedicated the plunder taken from Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.13 And David became famous after he returned from striking down eighteen thousand Edomites[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8223g" \o "See footnote g"g] in the Valley of Salt.14 He put garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites became subject to David. The LORD gave David victory wherever he went.
3-2) Who hears about David’s victory over Hadadezer and what does he do? (9,10)
9 When Tou[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8219d" \o "See footnote d"d] king of Hamath heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer, 10 he sent his son Joram[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8220e" \o "See footnote e"e] to King David to greet him and congratulate him on his victory in battle over Hadadezer, who had been at war with Tou. Joram brought with him articles of silver, of gold and of bronze.
Tou, king of Hamath, heard that David had defeated the entire army of Hadadezer. He sent his son Joram to King David to greet him and congratulate him on his victory. Tou was the enemy of Hadadezer, so David’s victory over Hadadezer relieved Tou greatly. Joram brought with him articles of silver, of gold and of bronze.
3-3) To whom does David dedicate all his spoils of war? (11)
11 King David dedicated these articles to the LORD, as he had done with the silver and gold from all the nations he had subdued:
King David dedicated these articles to the Lord. It means he recognized the Lord as the giver of the victory.
3-4) Which countries does David subdue? (12)
“12 Edom[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8222f" \o "See footnote f"f] and Moab, the Ammonites and the Philistines, and Amalek. He also dedicated the plunder taken from Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.”
3-5) What happens after David strikes down the Edomites?(13,14a)
“13 And David became famous after he returned from striking down eighteen thousand Edomites[HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8223g" \o "See footnote g"g] in the Valley of Salt.14 He put garrisons throughout Edom, and all the Edomites became subject to David.”
3-6) Who gave him victory wherever he went? (14b)
“The LORD gave David victory wherever he went.”
The Lord is the source of his victory.
Read v15-18. How does David reign over all his people?(15) What positions did David give to his men? (16-18a) What do David’s sons become? (18b)
4-1) Read v15-18.
15 David reigned over all Israel, doing what was just and right for all his people. 16 Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was recorder; 17 Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelek son of Abiathar were priests; Seraiah was secretary; 18 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Kerethites and Pelethites; and David’s sons were priests.[ HYPERLINK "http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2%20samuel%208:1-18&version=NIV" \l "fen-NIV-8228h" \o "See footnote h" h]
4-2)How does David reign over all his people?(15)
15 David reigned over all Israel, doing what was just and right for all his people.”
He was a true shepherd for his own people, all Israelites.
4-3) What positions did David give to his men? (16-18a)
16 Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was recorder; 17 Zadok son of Ahitub and Ahimelek son of Abiathar were priests; Seraiah was secretary; 18 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Kerethites and Pelethites;
4-4) What do David’s sons become? (18b)
“David’s sons were priests.”(18b).
In conclusion, God fulfilled his promise to Abraham to give all territories from Egypt to the Euphrates through David. The Lord gave David victory where he went and he reigned over all Israel doing what was just and right for all his people. God raised David as a true shepherd over his people, the Israelites.
One word: God is the source of our victory.
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